Formula 1 teams are often tight-lipped about their engine technology because it can offer significant advantages on the track. However, with the freeze on powertrain development lasting until 2026, Mercedes has opened the hood to reveal how its hybrid system operates. The details are quite fascinating.
Mercedes’ powertrain includes a combustion engine paired with two electric motors, a battery, and various power electronics. One of the electric motors is connected to the turbocharger, which captures energy from the exhaust. This system can provide an instant boost to the engine if there’s enough energy stored in the battery. Known as the MGU-H, this component will be discontinued after 2026, as it has proven complex and has deterred some automakers from entering the sport as engine suppliers.
The second electric motor works in conjunction with the gearbox. It can deliver power directly to the rear wheels and recapture energy during braking. This part will remain a facet of the new regulations going forward.
In a recent video, Mercedes provided a detailed look at their power electronics and battery systems. Their battery pack is made up of about 200 cells, likely of the 21700 type, which are 21mm in diameter and 70mm long. These cells are housed alongside the inverters and power electronics, all cooled by a shared cooling system.
Special attention was given to the cooling system in the video, particularly since Mercedes’ title sponsor, Petronas, developed the coolant. This coolant is dielectric, meaning if it were to leak, it wouldn’t cause any short circuits in the electronics. Such insulating coolants are standard in hybrid and electric vehicles, but those used in F1 are likely to be exceptionally efficient.
This look into the workings of an F1 hybrid system is quite rare. If you’ve ever been curious about the intricate details, especially regarding the cooling mechanisms, this video serves as a fantastic resource. It would be intriguing to see other teams showcase their own technologies in a similar manner, as each manufacturer tackles these challenges in unique ways.
