The American Cancer Society (ACS) has released updated recommendations for colorectal cancer screening. These new guidelines encourage screening to start at age 45 for adults at average risk, continuing up to age 75 for those with a life expectancy of over 10 years.
One of the significant additions to the guidelines is the recommendation for a blood test that identifies tumor DNA in the blood, along with traditional colonoscopy. Additionally, the ACS has introduced an at-home test that checks for hidden blood and molecular markers in stool samples.
These updates mark a notable shift in public health strategy, aiming to broaden screening options and make them more accessible. Dr. Robert Smith, a senior vice president at the ACS, emphasized that colorectal cancer is a “highly preventable disease” and the goal is to increase participation in lifesaving screenings.
Early detection through screening significantly enhances survival rates. Studies show that when colorectal cancer is caught early, the five-year survival rate exceeds 90%. However, many eligible American adults—about one in three—have not yet been screened, despite colorectal cancer being the leading cancer killer among those under 50.
For individuals at higher risk, screenings may need to start before age 45 or occur more frequently. Meanwhile, the guidelines advise against screening for those aged 85 and older.
The recent uptick in colorectal cancer cases among younger adults has prompted these guideline changes. Research indicates that diagnoses have risen by 50% in people aged 45 to 49 from 2021 to 2022, although experts are still exploring the reasons behind this increase.
In summary, while there may not be symptoms in the early stages of colorectal cancer, certain changes—like shifts in bowel habits—should prompt further evaluation. Other symptoms can include fatigue, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and unintended weight loss.
Experts agree that prioritizing screenings is essential, especially for underserved communities and those living in rural areas.
