Rising Concern Over Liver Health in Young People
Pune: On the occasion of World Liver Day, health experts are sounding the alarm about a troubling trend in public health across India. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)—now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—is increasingly being diagnosed in children and teenagers. This shift is concerning, as this condition was previously thought to mainly affect adults who lead sedentary lifestyles.
Dr. Prateek Agarwal, a specialized pediatric gastroenterologist at Surya Mother and Child Super Speciality Hospital, notes that MASLD has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver issue among children. “Studies indicate that about 35% of children in India may be affected by fatty liver disease,” he shared. “While the issue is notably serious among children who are obese, it can often go unnoticed in those who seem healthy. We’re now seeing a ‘lean’ version of this disease, where a child may look slim but still carries harmful fat around their organs, leading to insulin resistance and liver fat accumulation.”
Experts are calling this condition a “ticking time bomb,” as it can develop quietly without visible symptoms. If not addressed, pediatric fatty liver disease can progress to more severe health problems, including cirrhosis and early-onset diabetes.
Dr. Sahil Rasane, a consultant gastroenterologist at KEM Hospital in Pune, explains that the signs are usually subtle. “In India, children can develop fatty liver even if they are not overweight, a condition known as ‘lean nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.’ The main contributors are poor lifestyle choices and subtle changes on the skin. The good news is that simple adjustments can make a difference: less junk food, more outdoor play, and limited screen time.”
The reasons behind this rise in liver disease are complex. Dr. Pramod Katare, a hepatologist at Noble Hospitals and Research Centre, describes it as a “biological perfect storm” caused by inactive lifestyles, insulin resistance, and gut health issues. These factors can result in chronic inflammation that can severely affect young livers, leading to fibrosis if not managed properly.
Despite these worrying trends, there is hope. Unlike many chronic conditions, MASLD in children can often be reversed if it is identified early. “Changing lifestyles is key to treatment,” says Dr. Baset Hakim, a general physician at Apollo Clinic. “A structured plan with balanced nutrition, cutting back on sugary and processed foods, and ensuring regular physical activity can significantly reduce liver fat levels. Even a small weight loss of 5% to 10% can help normalize liver function and prevent severe complications.”
As India faces a potential increase in chronic liver diseases beginning in childhood, health experts agree on the critical need for early screening and immediate lifestyle changes. Such measures are not just advisable—they are essential for safeguarding the health of the younger generation.
